DOWNS JF
Nudity in Japanese visual media: a cross-cultural observation.
Arch Sex Behav. 1990 Dec; 19(6): 583-94
The depiction of nude human beings in Japanese print, film, and electronic media is reported. Modern practices are then related to traditional Japanese culture. The various contexts in which nudes are regularly presented are described and various types of nude presentations are classified. It is suggested that the nude body evokes different responses in Japanese culture and is not always intended to convey sexual or erotic meanings. Sentiment, particularly that evoked by the family and motherhood, and nonsexual humor, are other responses that nudity is intended to elicit. The Japanese situation is compared to presentation of nudity in the United States.
HAYAMA, SHIN ICHI; TERAZAWA, FUMIO; SUZUKI, MASATSUGU; NIGI, HIDEO; ET AL
Immobilization with a single dose of ketamine hydrochloride and a combination of xylazine hydrochloride-ketamine hydrochloride and antagonism by yohimbine hydrochloride in the Japanese monkey ( Macaca fuscata ).
Primates; 1989 Jan Vol 30(1) 75-79
Administered injections of ketamine HCl to 49 Japanese monkeys (single group), injections of xylazine HCl-ketamine HCl to 27 monkeys (combination group), and injections of yohimbine HCl to 14 of the 27 combination Ss. All Ss were successfully immobilized. Good myorelaxation was induced in all combination Ss. The induction times for both groups were negatively but not significantly correlated with the dose of anesthetics. Immobilization and sitting times showed a significantly positive correlation with the doses of both groups. The recovery after yohimbine HCl administration was occasionally dramatic, with some Ss sitting and walking within 5 min after injection. It is concluded that yohimbine HCl appears to be an effective antagonist for xylazine HCl-ketamine HCl immobilization in Japanese monkeys.
ONO M; et al.
[Studies on hallucinogens II. Synthesis of DMT and its related compounds.]
Bull.Natl.Inst.Hyg.Sci. (Tokyo) 91:36-8 1973 (Eng. Abstract)
[NO ABSTRACT] Japanese synthesis of DMT, other tryptamine hallucinogens.
Sanford, James H.
Japan's "Laughing Mushrooms."
Economic Botany 26:174-181. (1972)
TAKASHINA K
Physiological studies of visual symptoms due to the effects of hallucinogenic agent LSD-25 on the critial fusion frequency of flicker, the electric flicker threshold, and the intensity threshold for light.
Psychiat.Neurol. Japan 62:1745 (1960)
For the purpose of exploring the physiological mechanism from which visual symptoms arise, the critical fusion frequency of flicker (c.f.f.), the electric flicker threshold (in the electroretinogram) and the intensity threshold for light was studied in relation to visual symptoms. The results are summarized as follows: 1. After LSD (25-50 mcg.) increment of c.f.f. and decrement of the electric flicker threshold and the intensity threshold for light appeared. The cone dark adaptation was inhibited, and the rod dark adaptation was facilitated. 2. The mode of appearance of c.f.f. was peculiarly modified; a new phenomenon that the author named 'supracritial value' occurred. 3. The changes of c.f.f. and the supracritical value seemed to parallel the courses of the visual symptoms, but it was difficult to find such a parallel in either the electric flicker threshold of the intensity threshold for light. 4. C.f.f. increased by LSD showed a decrease after sleep and the administration of histamine and antihistamine.
TAKATA Y; NABELEK AK
English consonant recognition in noise and in reverberation by Japanese and American listeners.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1990 Aug; 88(2): 663-6
English consonant recognition in undegraded and degraded listening conditions was compared for listeners whose primary language was either Japanese or American English. There were ten subjects in each of the two groups, termed the non-native (Japanese) and the native (American) subjects, respectively. The Modified Rhyme Test was degraded either by a babble of voices (S/N = -3 dB) or by a room reverberation (reverberation time, T = 1.2 s). The Japanese subjects performed at a lower level than the American subjects in both noise and reverberation, although the performance difference in the undegraded, quiet condition was relatively small. There was no difference between the scores obtained in noise and in reverberation for either group. A limited-error analysis revealed some differences in type of errors for the groups of listeners. Implications of the results are discussed in terms of the effects of degraded listening conditions on non-native listeners' speech perception.
Tohhara S; Kato A; Tsuji M; Nakajima T; Kato N
[A case of traveller who showed heroin withdrawal after returning from abroad]
Arukoru-Kenkyuto-Yakubutsu-Ison; 1991 Oct; 26(5); P 391-400
A 28-year old Japanese man with heroin abuse was reported. He is an ex-beautician and has abused a variety of substances such as toluene, marihuana, methamphetamine, LSD, and so on since he was in a junior high school in Japan. He experienced an intravenous injection of heroin for five days on his first trip to Thailand in 1989. Soon after he returned home, he went back there to use heroin again. He also experienced tearing and running nose as withdrawal at the end of his ten-day trip. During his third stay there he got a job as a wholesale dealer of heroin under a illegal drug organization in the northern part of Thailand. Before he returned home in Japan, he managed to withdraw from heroin by reducing the dose and replacing it with opium smoking. On his fourth trip he failed to withdraw from heroin and injected the drug intravenously at Chiang Mai Airport before leaving Thailand. He began to show acute heroin withdrawal just after he arrived in Osaka, Japan and sought treatment without telling heroin abuse. He was hospitalized next day and soon showed more severe withdrawal and delirium for next ten days. The delirium was thought to be due to not only heroin but the other drugs which he used. Recently heroin abuse, once prevalent during the latter half of 1950s in Japan, has been hardly seen owing to changing the law to severe punishment in 1963. To avoid strict regulations in home some of young Japanese seem to travel abroad and abuse drugs in Asian countries where the drugs are easily available.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
TSENG WS; ASAI M; LIU JQ; WIBULSWASDI P; SURYANI LK; WEN JK; BRENNAN J; HEIBY E
Multi-cultural study of minor psychiatric disorders in Asia: symptom manifestations.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1990 Winter; 36(4): 252-64
Patients with minor psychiatric disorders, including neuroses, situational adjustment reaction or acute emotional reaction, were investigated using symptom questionnaires at five research sites in Asia including: Chiang-Mai, Thailand; Bali, Indonesia; Kao-Hsiung, Taiwan, China; Shanghai, China; and Tokyo, Japan. The results revealed that the symptom profiles differ significantly among groups of different settings indicating that sociocultural background does contribute to the manifestation of neurotic symptomatology. It was also found that numerous and various subtypes of somatic scales were identified through factor analysis of symptoms for these Asian populations. It demonstrates that the spectrum of neurotic symptoms has a different focus for subjects in different sociocultural settings.
Wasson, R. Gordon.
Mushrooms and Japanese Culture.
The Asiatic Society of Japan, Transactions, 3rd Series, 2:5-25. (1973)